The Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) has taken enforcement action against three decentralized finance (DeFi) protocols, Opyn, ZeroEx, and Deridex, by filing and settling charges. California-based Opyn and ZeroEx were fined $250,000 and $200,000, respectively, whereas North Carolina-based Deridex has been only been slapped with a civil monetary penalty of $100,000.

All three companies also face cease and desist orders for violating the Commodity Exchange Act (CEA) and CFTC regulations.

CFTC Fines Three DeFi Protocols

As announced yesterday (Thursday), Deridex and Opyn were charged as they failed to register as a swap execution facility (SEF) or designated contract market (DCM) and also as a futures commission merchant (FCM). These two companies didn't include a customer identification program as part of a Bank Secrecy Act compliance program, which is mandatory for FCMs.

The US regulator further charged the three companies for illegally offering leveraged and margined retail commodity transactions in digital assets.

DeFi Platforms Need to Follow the Regulations

DeFi companies offer many bank-like services on the blockchain Blockchain Blockchain comprises a digital network of blocks with a comprehensive ledger of transactions made in a cryptocurrency such as Bitcoin or other altcoins.One of the signature features of blockchain is that it is maintained across more than one computer. The ledger can be public or private (permissioned). In this sense, blockchain is immune to the manipulation of data, making it not only open but verifiable. Because a blockchain is stored across a network of computers, it is very difficult to tamp Blockchain comprises a digital network of blocks with a comprehensive ledger of transactions made in a cryptocurrency such as Bitcoin or other altcoins.One of the signature features of blockchain is that it is maintained across more than one computer. The ledger can be public or private (permissioned). In this sense, blockchain is immune to the manipulation of data, making it not only open but verifiable. Because a blockchain is stored across a network of computers, it is very difficult to tamp Read this Term. As their dealings are primarily with cryptocurrencies Cryptocurrencies By using cryptography, virtual currencies, known as cryptocurrencies, are nearly counterfeit-proof digital currencies that are built on blockchain technology. Comprised of decentralized networks, blockchain technology is not overseen by a central authority.Therefore, cryptocurrencies function in a decentralized nature which theoretically makes them immune to government interference. The term, cryptocurrency derives from the origin of the encryption techniques that are employed to secure the netw By using cryptography, virtual currencies, known as cryptocurrencies, are nearly counterfeit-proof digital currencies that are built on blockchain technology. Comprised of decentralized networks, blockchain technology is not overseen by a central authority.Therefore, cryptocurrencies function in a decentralized nature which theoretically makes them immune to government interference. The term, cryptocurrency derives from the origin of the encryption techniques that are employed to secure the netw Read this Term, many of these platforms avoid the stringent regulatory approval scrutiny applicable to banks.

Opyn offered trading of a digital asset derivative token called oSQTH, the value of which was based on the company-created Squeeth index, which tracked the price of Ether squared relative to the stablecoin USDC. Users of the protocol could enter into both long and short positions, but for the latter, they need to deposit Ether as collateral. Although the platform blocked US internet protocol addresses to block access of the platform to US residents, it was not sufficient.

Deridex offered trading with perpetual contracts without any license and did not take any steps to exclude clients from the US. Similarly, ZeroEx offered users the ability to trade digital assets on several blockchains.

Arnab, 9:31 “Somewhere along the way, DeFi operators got the idea that unlawful transactions become lawful when facilitated by smart contracts. They do not,” said Ian McGinley, the Director of Enforcement at CFTC. “The DeFi space may be novel, complex, and evolving, but the Division of Enforcement will continue to evolve with it and aggressively pursue those who operate unregistered platforms that allow US persons to trade digital asset derivatives.”

Meanwhile, the CFTC recently received a court order against Mirror Trading International, a forex fraud scheme in South Africa, requiring the company to pay $1.7 billion in restitution to defrauded investors.